The idea of "oriental despotism" did not begin as a simple insult. It evolved as a response to positive assessments of Ottoman power.
Malcolm argues that the Ottomans were not just external threats to be feared, but in Western thought. Thinkers used Ottoman examples to: Useful Enemies: Islam and the Ottoman Empire in...
In the 16th century, writers often admired the Ottoman meritocratic slave system, which allowed talented individuals to rise regardless of birth. The idea of "oriental despotism" did not begin
This guide outlines the key themes and historical arguments in by Sir Noel Malcolm. Thinkers used Ottoman examples to: In the 16th
Later thinkers developed the "despotism" narrative to argue that the Sultan's absolute power over life and property was unnatural and destined for failure, using it as a warning for European monarchs. 2. Islam as a "Political Religion"
By presenting Islam as a man-made tool for state power, Enlightenment-era thinkers could indirectly attack the divine origins of Christianity.
their own societies by highlighting Ottoman strengths.