Governing equation for heat flow within the solid.
Only a fraction of the laser power is absorbed; the rest is reflected. The Theory of Laser Materials Processing: Heat ...
Driven by Marangoni flow (surface tension gradients). Governing equation for heat flow within the solid
Vaporization exerts force on the liquid, often causing "spatter." 🛠️ Process Regimes The Theory of Laser Materials Processing: Heat ...
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