Principles Of Genetics May 2026

The "Central Dogma" of molecular biology describes the flow of this information: DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into proteins. This process determines an organism's (observable traits) based on its genotype (genetic makeup). Genetic Variation and Mutation

While Mendel identified the patterns, it wasn't until the 20th century that scientists identified as the physical carrier of this information. DNA is organized into structures called chromosomes . A gene is a specific segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building proteins—the workhorses of the body. Principles of Genetics

Some alleles are dominant and will mask the expression of recessive alleles. The Role of DNA and Chromosomes The "Central Dogma" of molecular biology describes the