Power & Interdependence ⟶

Power can be exercised by setting the (deciding what gets talked about) rather than just winning an argument. III. The Role of International Regimes

: A state's ability to adjust and find alternatives over time. If a country can easily switch to solar power when oil prices rise, it is sensitive but not highly vulnerable. Bargaining Power

: How quickly and intensely changes in one country affect another. For example, a sudden rise in oil prices immediately impacts all importing nations. Power & Interdependence

The core of the "Power and Interdependence" framework, pioneered by Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye , suggests that the traditional "Realist" view of international relations—where states are the only actors and military force is the primary currency of power—is increasingly insufficient in a globalised world. I. The Shift to Complex Interdependence

These institutions help and make cooperation more predictable. Power can be exercised by setting the (deciding

: Beyond official state-to-state diplomacy, there are transgovernmental ties between bureaucrats and transnational links between corporations and NGOs.

The less-dependent state often has more in negotiations. If a country can easily switch to solar

: Among modern, industrialised democracies, the cost of using force is high and its utility for solving economic or ecological problems is low. II. Power in an Interdependent World