He differentiates between Negative Peace (the absence of war) and Positive Peace (the presence of social justice and human integration). The Four Theoretical Pillars

The book is structured into four parts, each exploring a major approach to peace:

A central concept in Galtung’s work is the interrelationship between three types of violence: Conflict Formations - Peace by Peaceful Means

Examines epistemological assumptions and the nature of violence, focusing on how peace is conceptualized.

The absence of direct, structural, and cultural violence.